000			02342nam a2200229 4500
003			OSt
020			_a9781891853883
040			_cIIT Kanpur
041			_aeng
082			_a363.70561 _bC455
245			_aChoosing environmental policy _bcomparing instruments and outcomes in the United States and Europe _cedited by Winston Harrington, Richard D. Morgenstern and Thomas Sterner
260			_aWashington, DC _bResources for the Future _c2004
300			_axii, 283p
520			_aThe two distinct approaches to environmental policy include direct regulation-sometimes called 'command and control' policies-and regulation by economic, or market-based incentives. This book is the first to compare the costs and outcomes of these approaches by examining realworld applications. In a unique format, paired case studies from the United States and Europe contrast direct regulation on one side of the Atlantic with an incentivebased policy on the other. For example, Germany‘s direct regulation of SO2 emissions is compared with an incentive approach in the U.S. Direct regulation of water pollution via the U.S. Clean Water Act is contrasted with Hollands incentive-based fee system. Additional studies contrast solutions for eliminating leaded gasoline and reducing nitrogen oxide emissions, CFCs, and chlorinated solvents. The cases presented in Choosing Environmental Policy were selected to allow the sharpest, most direct comparisons of direct regulation and incentive-based strategies. In practice, environmental policy is often a mix of both types of instruments. This innovative investigation will interest scholars, students, and policymakers who want more precise information as to what kind of 'blend' will yield the most effective policy. Are incentive instruments more efficient than regulatory ones? Do regulatory policies necessarily have higher administrative costs? Are incentive policies more difficult to monitor? Are firms more likely to oppose market-based instruments or traditional regulation? These are some of the important questions the authors address, often with surprising results.
650			_aUnited States
650			_aEurope
650			_aEnvironmental policy
700			_aHarrington, Winston [ed.]
700			_aMorgenstern, Richard D. [ed.]
700			_aSterner, Thomas [ed.]
942			_cBK
999			_c565764 _d565764